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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You've probably heard that different types produce different flavors. Learn about four of the most widely used varieties: Arabica. Robusta. Liberica. and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a kind of Liberica that is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a tangier, more tart flavor profile and are often utilized in blends of beans to give them added depth.

Arabica

Arabica is the most sought-after coffee in the world with 75% of the world's coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are milder and sweeter than Robusta, and come in different flavors. The flavor and aroma of coffee is affected by the conditions in which it is grown and the processing methods used.

The word "coffee" actually derives from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds which grow inside bright red berries. It is believed that ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were energized after eating these fruit berries. The cultivation of coffee grew quickly around the world.

Coffee beans can flourish at high altitudes and flourish in cold temperatures and lots of rain. This is the reason Arabica coffee is believed to be the most delicious type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee roasters and shops insist on sourcing their arabica beans ethically by focusing on fair compensation for farmers and sustainable growing practices. These companies blend arabica beans in order to create unique specialty coffees that can be used in a variety of brewing methods. Blending allows control over the aroma, flavor and body of the coffee. It is often preferred to get a consistent and balanced taste that appeals to a broad market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most popular type of coffee bean grown across the globe. They have a higher amount of caffeine per bean than Arabica, and are more resistant to disease and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. However, these acids could cause oxidation in the coffee brewing process and may result in undesirable flavors.

The plant itself is more robust than arabica and is able to thrive in less favorable climate conditions and at lower elevations. It can withstand temperatures that are higher and does well in direct sunlight. It produces more coffee per plant, and it grows faster than arabica. This makes it a cost effective crop to grow.

While it may seem counterintuitive Robusta beans are frequently blended with arabica to make coffee blends. If you see names like Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee it's possible that there is also some robusta.

While some roasters use exclusively arabica beans, the majority use blend the two varieties to cut costs and ensure the quality. To preserve the quality of the flavor, it is essential to select a top-quality bean from a supplier you are confident with. This can be accomplished by purchasing the beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape similar to a football, which is why they are different from other coffee beans.  wholesale coffee beans uk  have an aroma that is floral, fruity and smoky. They are often paired with other coffee bean varieties to provide an extra, stronger flavor.

Liberica coffee beans are grown in West Africa and Malaysia (Borneo) as and in Southeast Asia. They can grow in low altitudes and can withstand humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to disease than Arabica or Robusta.

These attributes make them ideal for growing at home. You can purchase seeds online from many sources, however it is best to purchase them from local producers to guarantee the quality of the beans. The best conditions for growing Liberica coffee plants are fertile deep volcanic soils with moderately acidic pH and sufficient annual rainfall.

Another type of coffee bean is Excelsa which was previously considered a separate species but was re-classified as a subspecies of Liberica. These oval-shaped coffee beans are grown on large coffee plants that range from 20-30 feet in height at moderate altitudes. Their unique taste is both tart and sour, making them a popular option for blends in the home. They are also less heavy on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta however they still have a distinct taste.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most popular kind of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't quite as easy to find as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered an individual species of coffee plant until 2006 when they were reclassified as an alternative to Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. They are produced in Southeast Asia today and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. These coffee beans are distinctive with a teardrop shape, and a dark, mysterious flavor. They are often blended to add extra body and a delicious tart, ripe fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are known for having the most delicious taste. They thrive at high altitudes, and they thrive in warm tropical climates. They are slightly acidic. If they are brewed correctly and roast properly they may have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is an extremely close second to Arabica and accounts for around 40 percent of the world's beans. Robusta beans are smaller and rounder however, they contain twice as much caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties, and tend to have woody and earthy undertones.

Once you've mastered the four most commonly used types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans, it's time to select the perfect cup. If you prefer a smooth and delicate flavor, choose an arabica bean, or a blend consisting of robusta beans and arabica beans.